and said “What is this evil thing you are doing, by profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers do the same, so that our God brought on us and on this city all this trouble? Yet you are adding to the wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath” (13:17–18). Nehemiah’s use of the word “Sabbath” eleven times in that short scene underscores the centrality of the Sabbath concept to Israel’s well-being (Jaki 45). Nehemiah understood the failure of faith that neglect of the Sabbath reflected. Even as the
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